{"id":400,"date":"2020-02-04T09:37:24","date_gmt":"2020-02-04T09:37:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/github.blog\/fr\/?p=400"},"modified":"2020-10-05T09:59:09","modified_gmt":"2020-10-05T09:59:09","slug":"le-programme-github-archives-quand-le-code-open-source-mondial-voyage-vers-larctique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/github.blog\/fr\/2020-02-04-le-programme-github-archives-quand-le-code-open-source-mondial-voyage-vers-larctique\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Programme GitHub Archives : quand le code open source mondial voyage vers l&rsquo;Arctique"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/github.blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/87581945-94a94b80-c68e-11ea-8934-0870b0025e7e.jpg?fit=1200%2C630&#038;resize=590%2C310\" width=\"590\" height=\"310\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lors de <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/github.blog\/2019-11-13-universe-day-one\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GitHub Universe 2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, GitHub a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ses programmes <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archiveprogram.github.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GitHub Archive<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> et <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=fzI9FNjXQ0o\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GitHub Arctic Code Vault<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. La mission de GitHub est de pr\u00e9server les logiciels open source pour les g\u00e9n\u00e9rations futures en archivant le code dans un lieu de stockage construit\u00a0 pour durer mille ans.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le 2 f\u00e9vrier 2020, Les \u00e9quipes en charge du projet ont pris une photographie de tous les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts publics actifs sur GitHub avec pour objectif de les archiver dans une chambre forte. Au cours des derniers mois, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.piql.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Piql<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, le partenaire d&rsquo;archives de GitHub, a grav\u00e9\u00a0 21 T\u00e9raOctets de donn\u00e9es sur 186 bobines de microfilm durci. Ces donn\u00e9es provenaient de d\u00e9p\u00f4ts GitHub. Selon le plan initial, l\u2019\u00e9quipe GitHub en charge du projet devait s&rsquo;envoler pour la Norv\u00e8ge et escorter personnellement le code open source mondial jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l&rsquo;Arctique. Cependant, face \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie mondiale qui continue de s\u00e9vir,\u00a0 GitHub a d\u00fb ajuster ses plans. Un\u00a0 contact \u00e9troit a \u00e9t\u00e9 maintenu avec les partenaires, en attendant le moment o\u00f9 ces derniers\u00a0 pourraient\u00a0 se rendre dans le Svalbard en toute s\u00e9curit\u00e9. GitHub est heureux d&rsquo;annoncer que le code a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9pos\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s dans la chambre forte du code de l&rsquo;Arctique le 8 juillet 2020.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Le voyage du code open source vers le cercle arctique\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le voyage de du code commence dans les installations de Piql \u00e0 Drammen, en Norv\u00e8ge. C\u2019est \u00e0 partir de l\u00e0 que les bo\u00eetes contenant 186 bobines de film ont \u00e9t\u00e9 exp\u00e9di\u00e9es vers l&rsquo;a\u00e9roport d&rsquo;Oslo, puis charg\u00e9es dans l&rsquo;avion \u00e0 destination de la r\u00e9gion du\u00a0 Svalbard. Cet archipel\u00a0 situ\u00e9 \u00e0 environ 1000 km au nord du continent europ\u00e9en, vient d&rsquo;\u00eatre <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/en.visitsvalbard.com\/visitor-information\/visit-svalbard-refrain-from-travelling-covid-19\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">r\u00e9cemment rendu accessible <\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">aux visiteurs des pays de l&rsquo;espace Schengen et de l&rsquo;Espace \u00e9conomique europ\u00e9en.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le code a atterri \u00e0 Longyearbyen, une ville de quelques milliers d&rsquo;habitants, situ\u00e9e dans le Svalbard. Accueillies par une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de logistique locale, les bo\u00eetes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 transport\u00e9es pour la nuit dans un entrep\u00f4t interm\u00e9diaire s\u00e9curis\u00e9. Le lendemain matin, elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9pos\u00e9es dans la mine de charbon d\u00e9saffect\u00e9e, situ\u00e9e\u00a0 sous une montagne. C\u2019est l\u00e0, dans une chambre forte situ\u00e9e \u00e0 une centaines de m\u00e8tres, dans le permafrost, que le code est maintenant stock\u00e9. Il remplit ainsi sa mission de pr\u00e9servation du code open source pour les 1000 ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir et plus<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Le Badge Artic Code Vault\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Des millions de d\u00e9veloppeurs dans le monde entier ont contribu\u00e9 au code open source qui est d\u00e9sormais stock\u00e9 dans l\u2019Arctic Code Vault. Pour reconna\u00eetre et c\u00e9l\u00e9brer ces contributions, GitHub a con\u00e7u le badge Arctic Code Vault. Celui-ci figure sur le profil de chaque d\u00e9veloppeur sur GitHub. Il suffit de passer la souris sur cette section pour d\u00e9couvrir les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts auxquels ce dernier\u00a0 a contribu\u00e9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Internet Archives<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internet Archive<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> est une biblioth\u00e8que num\u00e9rique \u00e0 but non lucratif bien connue et tr\u00e8s appr\u00e9ci\u00e9e. Elle offre un acc\u00e8s public et gratuit \u00e0 des collections de documents num\u00e9ris\u00e9s. En partenariat avec le programme GitHub Archive, Internet Archive (IA) a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 archiver les d\u00e9p\u00f4ts publics GitHub le 13 avril 2020. \u00c0 l&rsquo;heure actuelle, IA utilise une approche en deux volets. Tout d&rsquo;abord, leur c\u00e9l\u00e8bre Wayback Machine acc\u00e8de aux donn\u00e9es brutes de GitHub. Elle archive alors sous forme de fichiers WARC, ou Web ARChive. A l\u2019heure actuelle, ils ont archiv\u00e9 quelque <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/wwwb-cawg01.us.archive.org:8380\/scan\/2020-04\/2022-02\/GitHub_Archive_Program\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">55 T\u00e9raOctets de donn\u00e9es<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Par la suite, ils souhaitent rendre disponible l\u2019int\u00e9gralit\u00e9 des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts GitHub via un \u00ab\u00a0clone git\u00a0\u00bb, tout en gardant les commentaires, les probl\u00e8mes et autres m\u00e9tadonn\u00e9es facilement accessibles sur le web. Cette deuxi\u00e8me initiative est bien avanc\u00e9e et l&rsquo;archivage initial devrait commencer ce mois-ci.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>La Fondation Software Heritage\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.softwareheritage.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Software Heritage<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> est une initiative \u00e0 but non lucratif et multipartite <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.softwareheritage.org\/2020\/02\/19\/software-heritage-sponsors-meet-at-unescos-headquarters\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lanc\u00e9e par l\u2019Inria en collaboration avec l\u2019UNESCO<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Elle a pour but de collecter, pr\u00e9server et partager le code source des logiciels communs \u00e0 ces organisations et \u00e0 GitHub. La fondation a d\u00e9j\u00e0 archiv\u00e9 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.softwareheritage.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">plus de 130 millions de projets<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u200bavec leur historique complet de d\u00e9veloppement, dont 100 millions proviennent de GitHub. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.softwareheritage.org\/2019\/11\/14\/github-helps-preserve-source-code\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">collaboration annonc\u00e9e \u00e0 GitHub Universe 2019<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, le moteur d&rsquo;archivage est en cours d&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration dans le but de le maintenir au niveau de la croissance de\u00a0 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GitHub<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Pour les utilisateurs int\u00e9ress\u00e9s,\u00a0 il est facile de d\u00e9clencher un archivage imm\u00e9diat en quelques clics sur <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/save.softwareheritage.org\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">https:\/\/save.softwareheritage.org<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Project Silica\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/research\/project\/project-silica\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Project Silica<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">d\u00e9veloppe la premi\u00e8re technologie de stockage con\u00e7ue et construite pour permettre un stockage \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle du cloud pour des donn\u00e9es dont la dur\u00e9e de vie est longue. En tirant parti des r\u00e9centes d\u00e9couvertes en optique laser ultrarapide, les donn\u00e9es sont stock\u00e9es dans du verre de quartz par un processus qui modifie en permanence la structure physique du mat\u00e9riau en verre. Le verre de quartz est un support de stockage durable qui offre aux donn\u00e9es une dur\u00e9e de vie in\u00e9gal\u00e9e. Celle-ci peut atteindre plusieurs dizaines de milliers d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es. Ce verre de quartz r\u00e9siste aux interf\u00e9rences \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tiques, \u00e0 l&rsquo;eau et \u00e0 la chaleur, ce qui en fait le support de stockage id\u00e9al. Il permet ainsi de garantir que les logiciels open source du monde entier sont pr\u00e9serv\u00e9s \u00e0 jamais pour les g\u00e9n\u00e9rations futures. En tant que partenaire du programme <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archiveprogram.github.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GitHub Archive<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, Project Silica s&rsquo;est engag\u00e9 \u00e0 stimuler l&rsquo;innovation en mati\u00e8re de stockage et \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper une technologie de stockage qui r\u00e9pond aux exigences de\u00a0 durabilit\u00e9 et de fiabilit\u00e9 pour les donn\u00e9es de longue dur\u00e9e de vie provenant du monde entier. Convaincu par cette technologie, GitHub a archiv\u00e9 6 000 d\u00e9p\u00f4ts, choisis parmi les plus populaires du monde<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quelle est la prochaine \u00e9tape ?\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le code, la culture, l&rsquo;histoire et la technologie : L&rsquo;Arbre Technologique\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chaque bobine des archives comprend un exemplaire du \u00ab\u00a0Guide pour d\u00e9couvrir le\u00a0 GitHub Code Vault\u00a0\u00bb en cinq langues. R\u00e9dig\u00e9 avec la contribution de la communaut\u00e9 GitHub, il est\u00a0 disponible dans <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/github\/archive-program\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">le d\u00e9p\u00f4t GitHub du programme GitHub Archives.<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ces archives comprendront en outre une bobine distincte, lisible par l&rsquo;homme. Celle-ci documente l&rsquo;histoire technique et le contexte culturel du contenu des archives. C&rsquo;est ce que GitHub appelle l&rsquo;Arbre Technologique.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inspir\u00e9 du <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-long-now-foundation\/manual-for-civilization\/home\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Manuel de Civilisation<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> de Long Now, l&rsquo;Arbre Technologique sera principalement constitu\u00e9 d&rsquo;ouvrages existants. Ces derniers ont \u00e9t\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9s pour fournir une compr\u00e9hension d\u00e9taill\u00e9e de l&rsquo;informatique moderne, du logiciel libre et de ses applications, du d\u00e9veloppement de logiciels actuel, des langages de programmation populaires, etc. Il comprendra \u00e9galement des ouvrages expliquant les nombreuses couches de fondements techniques qui rendent le logiciel possible : les microprocesseurs, la mise en r\u00e9seau, l&rsquo;\u00e9lectronique, les semi-conducteurs et m\u00eame les technologies pr\u00e9industrielles. Cela permettra aux h\u00e9ritiers des archives de mieux comprendre le monde actuel et ses technologies, et pourrait m\u00eame les aider \u00e0 recr\u00e9er des ordinateurs pour utiliser les logiciels archiv\u00e9s.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GitHub\u00a0 publiera bient\u00f4t dans le d\u00e9p\u00f4t GitHub du programme d&rsquo;archivage une premi\u00e8re liste provisoire des \u0153uvres s\u00e9lectionn\u00e9es pour l&rsquo;arbre technologique, ainsi qu&rsquo;une demande de contribution de la communaut\u00e9. GitHub est impatients d&rsquo;int\u00e9grer les id\u00e9es et les suggestions de sa communaut\u00e9 avant que l&rsquo;arbre technologique ne soit ajout\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019Arctic Code Vault.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Lors de GitHub Universe 2019, GitHub a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ses programmes GitHub Archive et GitHub Arctic Code Vault. La mission de GitHub est de pr\u00e9server les logiciels open source pour les g\u00e9n\u00e9rations futures en archivant<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1273,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-communaute"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le Programme GitHub Archives : quand le code open source mondial voyage vers l&#039;Arctique - Le Blog GitHub<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/github.blog\/fr\/2020-02-04-le-programme-github-archives-quand-le-code-open-source-mondial-voyage-vers-larctique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le Programme GitHub Archives : quand le code open source mondial voyage vers l&#039;Arctique\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"&nbsp; Lors de GitHub Universe 2019, GitHub a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ses programmes GitHub Archive et GitHub Arctic Code Vault. 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